K. Nishizumi, C.P. Kohl, J.R. Arnold, E.L. Winterer, D. Lal, University of California, San Diego

J. Klein, R. Middleton, University of Pennsylvania

Journal of Geophysical Research 94 (1989) 17,907-17,915

We have studied the concentrations of 10Be and 26Al in quartz crystals extracted from glacially polished granitic surfaces from the Sierra Nevada range. These surfaces were identified with the glacial advance during the Tioga period - 11,000 years ago. Our measurements yield the most accurate estimates to date for the absolute production rates of these nuclides in SiO2 due to cosmic ray nucleons and muons for geomagnetic latitudes 43.8 degrees-44.6 degrees N and altitudes 2.1-3.6 kin. The estimates are relatively free from uncertainties in snow cover since we studied a suite of rock surfaces inclined 0 degrees-75 degrees with respect to the horizontal. The principal uncertainty arises due to the lack of a precise date for the glacial retreat event, about +10%. The 26Al/10Be ratio at production (6.0) is determined more accurately since the exposure age of the samples is 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the mean Lives of the two nuclides. Production rates of 10Be and 26Al in quartz at other latitudes and altitudes in the troposphere can be determined from the present measurements by scaling, using the known altitude and latitude dependence of cosmic ray fluxes of nucleons and negative muons. Knowledge of the production rates of these nuclides is a prerequisite for their application in erosion and geomorphological studies.